eigen/Eigen/src/LU/Inverse.h
2009-10-26 14:37:43 -04:00

413 lines
15 KiB
C++

// This file is part of Eigen, a lightweight C++ template library
// for linear algebra.
//
// Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Benoit Jacob <jacob.benoit.1@gmail.com>
//
// Eigen is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
// modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
// License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
// version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
//
// Alternatively, you can redistribute it and/or
// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
// published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
// the License, or (at your option) any later version.
//
// Eigen is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
// WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
// FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License or the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
// License and a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
// Eigen. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#ifndef EIGEN_INVERSE_H
#define EIGEN_INVERSE_H
/**********************************
*** General case implementation ***
**********************************/
template<typename MatrixType, typename ResultType, int Size = MatrixType::RowsAtCompileTime>
struct ei_compute_inverse
{
static inline void run(const MatrixType& matrix, ResultType& result)
{
result = matrix.partialLu().inverse();
}
};
template<typename MatrixType, typename ResultType, int Size = MatrixType::RowsAtCompileTime>
struct ei_compute_inverse_and_det_with_check { /* nothing! general case not supported. */ };
/****************************
*** Size 1 implementation ***
****************************/
template<typename MatrixType, typename ResultType>
struct ei_compute_inverse<MatrixType, ResultType, 1>
{
static inline void run(const MatrixType& matrix, ResultType& result)
{
typedef typename MatrixType::Scalar Scalar;
result.coeffRef(0,0) = Scalar(1) / matrix.coeff(0,0);
}
};
template<typename MatrixType, typename ResultType>
struct ei_compute_inverse_and_det_with_check<MatrixType, ResultType, 1>
{
static inline void run(
const MatrixType& matrix,
const typename MatrixType::RealScalar& absDeterminantThreshold,
ResultType& result,
typename ResultType::Scalar& determinant,
bool& invertible
)
{
determinant = matrix.coeff(0,0);
invertible = ei_abs(determinant) > absDeterminantThreshold;
if(invertible) result.coeffRef(0,0) = typename ResultType::Scalar(1) / determinant;
}
};
/****************************
*** Size 2 implementation ***
****************************/
template<typename MatrixType, typename ResultType>
inline void ei_compute_inverse_size2_helper(
const MatrixType& matrix, const typename ResultType::Scalar& invdet,
ResultType& result)
{
result.coeffRef(0,0) = matrix.coeff(1,1) * invdet;
result.coeffRef(1,0) = -matrix.coeff(1,0) * invdet;
result.coeffRef(0,1) = -matrix.coeff(0,1) * invdet;
result.coeffRef(1,1) = matrix.coeff(0,0) * invdet;
}
template<typename MatrixType, typename ResultType>
struct ei_compute_inverse<MatrixType, ResultType, 2>
{
static inline void run(const MatrixType& matrix, ResultType& result)
{
typedef typename ResultType::Scalar Scalar;
const Scalar invdet = typename MatrixType::Scalar(1) / matrix.determinant();
ei_compute_inverse_size2_helper(matrix, invdet, result);
}
};
template<typename MatrixType, typename ResultType>
struct ei_compute_inverse_and_det_with_check<MatrixType, ResultType, 2>
{
static inline void run(
const MatrixType& matrix,
const typename MatrixType::RealScalar& absDeterminantThreshold,
ResultType& inverse,
typename ResultType::Scalar& determinant,
bool& invertible
)
{
typedef typename ResultType::Scalar Scalar;
determinant = matrix.determinant();
invertible = ei_abs(determinant) > absDeterminantThreshold;
if(!invertible) return;
const Scalar invdet = Scalar(1) / determinant;
ei_compute_inverse_size2_helper(matrix, invdet, inverse);
}
};
/****************************
*** Size 3 implementation ***
****************************/
template<typename MatrixType, typename ResultType>
void ei_compute_inverse_size3_helper(
const MatrixType& matrix,
const typename ResultType::Scalar& invdet,
const Matrix<typename ResultType::Scalar,3,1>& cofactors_col0,
ResultType& result)
{
result.row(0) = cofactors_col0 * invdet;
result.coeffRef(1,0) = -matrix.minor(0,1).determinant() * invdet;
result.coeffRef(1,1) = matrix.minor(1,1).determinant() * invdet;
result.coeffRef(1,2) = -matrix.minor(2,1).determinant() * invdet;
result.coeffRef(2,0) = matrix.minor(0,2).determinant() * invdet;
result.coeffRef(2,1) = -matrix.minor(1,2).determinant() * invdet;
result.coeffRef(2,2) = matrix.minor(2,2).determinant() * invdet;
}
template<typename MatrixType, typename ResultType>
struct ei_compute_inverse<MatrixType, ResultType, 3>
{
static inline void run(const MatrixType& matrix, ResultType& result)
{
typedef typename ResultType::Scalar Scalar;
Matrix<Scalar,3,1> cofactors_col0;
cofactors_col0.coeffRef(0) = matrix.minor(0,0).determinant();
cofactors_col0.coeffRef(1) = -matrix.minor(1,0).determinant();
cofactors_col0.coeffRef(2) = matrix.minor(2,0).determinant();
const Scalar det = (cofactors_col0.cwise()*matrix.col(0)).sum();
const Scalar invdet = Scalar(1) / det;
ei_compute_inverse_size3_helper(matrix, invdet, cofactors_col0, result);
}
};
template<typename MatrixType, typename ResultType>
struct ei_compute_inverse_and_det_with_check<MatrixType, ResultType, 3>
{
static inline void run(
const MatrixType& matrix,
const typename MatrixType::RealScalar& absDeterminantThreshold,
ResultType& inverse,
typename ResultType::Scalar& determinant,
bool& invertible
)
{
typedef typename ResultType::Scalar Scalar;
Matrix<Scalar,3,1> cofactors_col0;
cofactors_col0.coeffRef(0) = matrix.minor(0,0).determinant();
cofactors_col0.coeffRef(1) = -matrix.minor(1,0).determinant();
cofactors_col0.coeffRef(2) = matrix.minor(2,0).determinant();
determinant = (cofactors_col0.cwise()*matrix.col(0)).sum();
invertible = ei_abs(determinant) > absDeterminantThreshold;
if(!invertible) return;
const Scalar invdet = Scalar(1) / determinant;
ei_compute_inverse_size3_helper(matrix, invdet, cofactors_col0, inverse);
}
};
/****************************
*** Size 4 implementation ***
****************************/
template<typename MatrixType, typename ResultType>
void ei_compute_inverse_size4_helper(const MatrixType& matrix, ResultType& result)
{
/* Let's split M into four 2x2 blocks:
* (P Q)
* (R S)
* If P is invertible, with inverse denoted by P_inverse, and if
* (S - R*P_inverse*Q) is also invertible, then the inverse of M is
* (P' Q')
* (R' S')
* where
* S' = (S - R*P_inverse*Q)^(-1)
* P' = P1 + (P1*Q) * S' *(R*P_inverse)
* Q' = -(P_inverse*Q) * S'
* R' = -S' * (R*P_inverse)
*/
typedef Block<ResultType,2,2> XprBlock22;
typedef typename MatrixBase<XprBlock22>::PlainMatrixType Block22;
Block22 P_inverse;
ei_compute_inverse<XprBlock22, Block22>::run(matrix.template block<2,2>(0,0), P_inverse);
const Block22 Q = matrix.template block<2,2>(0,2);
const Block22 P_inverse_times_Q = P_inverse * Q;
const XprBlock22 R = matrix.template block<2,2>(2,0);
const Block22 R_times_P_inverse = R * P_inverse;
const Block22 R_times_P_inverse_times_Q = R_times_P_inverse * Q;
const XprBlock22 S = matrix.template block<2,2>(2,2);
const Block22 X = S - R_times_P_inverse_times_Q;
Block22 Y;
ei_compute_inverse<Block22, Block22>::run(X, Y);
result.template block<2,2>(2,2) = Y;
result.template block<2,2>(2,0) = - Y * R_times_P_inverse;
const Block22 Z = P_inverse_times_Q * Y;
result.template block<2,2>(0,2) = - Z;
result.template block<2,2>(0,0) = P_inverse + Z * R_times_P_inverse;
}
template<typename MatrixType, typename ResultType>
struct ei_compute_inverse<MatrixType, ResultType, 4>
{
static inline void run(const MatrixType& _matrix, ResultType& result)
{
typedef typename ResultType::Scalar Scalar;
typedef typename MatrixType::RealScalar RealScalar;
// we will do row permutations on the matrix. This copy should have negligible cost.
// if not, consider working in-place on the matrix (const-cast it, but then undo the permutations
// to nevertheless honor constness)
typename MatrixType::PlainMatrixType matrix(_matrix);
// let's extract from the 2 first colums a 2x2 block whose determinant is as big as possible.
int good_row0=0, good_row1=1;
RealScalar good_absdet(-1);
// this double for loop shouldn't be too costly: only 6 iterations
for(int row0=0; row0<4; ++row0) {
for(int row1=row0+1; row1<4; ++row1)
{
RealScalar absdet = ei_abs(matrix.coeff(row0,0)*matrix.coeff(row1,1)
- matrix.coeff(row0,1)*matrix.coeff(row1,0));
if(absdet > good_absdet)
{
good_absdet = absdet;
good_row0 = row0;
good_row1 = row1;
}
}
}
// do row permutations to move this 2x2 block to the top
matrix.row(0).swap(matrix.row(good_row0));
matrix.row(1).swap(matrix.row(good_row1));
// now applying our helper function is numerically stable
ei_compute_inverse_size4_helper(matrix, result);
// Since we did row permutations on the original matrix, we need to do column permutations
// in the reverse order on the inverse
result.col(1).swap(result.col(good_row1));
result.col(0).swap(result.col(good_row0));
}
};
template<typename MatrixType, typename ResultType>
struct ei_compute_inverse_and_det_with_check<MatrixType, ResultType, 4>
{
static inline void run(
const MatrixType& matrix,
const typename MatrixType::RealScalar& absDeterminantThreshold,
ResultType& inverse,
typename ResultType::Scalar& determinant,
bool& invertible
)
{
determinant = matrix.determinant();
invertible = ei_abs(determinant) > absDeterminantThreshold;
if(invertible) ei_compute_inverse<MatrixType, ResultType>::run(matrix, inverse);
}
};
/*************************
*** MatrixBase methods ***
*************************/
template<typename MatrixType>
struct ei_traits<ei_inverse_impl<MatrixType> >
{
typedef typename MatrixType::PlainMatrixType ReturnMatrixType;
};
template<typename MatrixType>
struct ei_inverse_impl : public ReturnByValue<ei_inverse_impl<MatrixType> >
{
// for 2x2, it's worth giving a chance to avoid evaluating.
// for larger sizes, evaluating has negligible cost and limits code size.
typedef typename ei_meta_if<
MatrixType::RowsAtCompileTime == 2,
typename ei_nested<MatrixType,2>::type,
typename ei_eval<MatrixType>::type
>::ret MatrixTypeNested;
typedef typename ei_cleantype<MatrixTypeNested>::type MatrixTypeNestedCleaned;
const MatrixTypeNested m_matrix;
ei_inverse_impl(const MatrixType& matrix)
: m_matrix(matrix)
{}
inline int rows() const { return m_matrix.rows(); }
inline int cols() const { return m_matrix.cols(); }
template<typename Dest> inline void evalTo(Dest& dst) const
{
ei_compute_inverse<MatrixTypeNestedCleaned, Dest>::run(m_matrix, dst);
}
};
/** \lu_module
*
* \returns the matrix inverse of this matrix.
*
* For small fixed sizes up to 4x4, this method uses ad-hoc methods (cofactors up to 3x3, Euler's trick for 4x4).
* In the general case, this method uses class PartialLU.
*
* \note This matrix must be invertible, otherwise the result is undefined. If you need an
* invertibility check, do the following:
* \li for fixed sizes up to 4x4, use computeInverseAndDetWithCheck().
* \li for the general case, use class LU.
*
* Example: \include MatrixBase_inverse.cpp
* Output: \verbinclude MatrixBase_inverse.out
*
* \sa computeInverseAndDetWithCheck()
*/
template<typename Derived>
inline const ei_inverse_impl<Derived> MatrixBase<Derived>::inverse() const
{
EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT(NumTraits<Scalar>::HasFloatingPoint,NUMERIC_TYPE_MUST_BE_FLOATING_POINT)
ei_assert(rows() == cols());
return ei_inverse_impl<Derived>(derived());
}
/** \lu_module
*
* Computation of matrix inverse and determinant, with invertibility check.
*
* This is only for fixed-size square matrices of size up to 4x4.
*
* \param inverse Reference to the matrix in which to store the inverse.
* \param determinant Reference to the variable in which to store the inverse.
* \param invertible Reference to the bool variable in which to store whether the matrix is invertible.
* \param absDeterminantThreshold Optional parameter controlling the invertibility check.
* The matrix will be declared invertible if the absolute value of its
* determinant is greater than this threshold.
*
* Example: \include MatrixBase_computeInverseAndDetWithCheck.cpp
* Output: \verbinclude MatrixBase_computeInverseAndDetWithCheck.out
*
* \sa inverse(), computeInverseWithCheck()
*/
template<typename Derived>
template<typename ResultType>
inline void MatrixBase<Derived>::computeInverseAndDetWithCheck(
ResultType& inverse,
typename ResultType::Scalar& determinant,
bool& invertible,
const RealScalar& absDeterminantThreshold
) const
{
// i'd love to put some static assertions there, but SFINAE means that they have no effect...
ei_assert(rows() == cols());
// for 2x2, it's worth giving a chance to avoid evaluating.
// for larger sizes, evaluating has negligible cost and limits code size.
typedef typename ei_meta_if<
RowsAtCompileTime == 2,
typename ei_cleantype<typename ei_nested<Derived, 2>::type>::type,
PlainMatrixType
>::ret MatrixType;
ei_compute_inverse_and_det_with_check<MatrixType, ResultType>::run
(derived(), absDeterminantThreshold, inverse, determinant, invertible);
}
/** \lu_module
*
* Computation of matrix inverse, with invertibility check.
*
* This is only for fixed-size square matrices of size up to 4x4.
*
* \param inverse Reference to the matrix in which to store the inverse.
* \param invertible Reference to the bool variable in which to store whether the matrix is invertible.
* \param absDeterminantThreshold Optional parameter controlling the invertibility check.
* The matrix will be declared invertible if the absolute value of its
* determinant is greater than this threshold.
*
* Example: \include MatrixBase_computeInverseWithCheck.cpp
* Output: \verbinclude MatrixBase_computeInverseWithCheck.out
*
* \sa inverse(), computeInverseAndDetWithCheck()
*/
template<typename Derived>
template<typename ResultType>
inline void MatrixBase<Derived>::computeInverseWithCheck(
ResultType& inverse,
bool& invertible,
const RealScalar& absDeterminantThreshold
) const
{
RealScalar determinant;
// i'd love to put some static assertions there, but SFINAE means that they have no effect...
ei_assert(rows() == cols());
computeInverseAndDetWithCheck(inverse,determinant,invertible,absDeterminantThreshold);
}
#endif // EIGEN_INVERSE_H